Questions for UPSC (IAS Prelims) Based on News of 24 April 2025.
1.
Consider the following statements regarding the National Tuberculosis
Elimination Programme (NTEP):
- NTEP is a vertical health programme focusing on the
elimination of TB.
- It provides free TB diagnosis and treatment only in
government health facilities.
- The programme has introduced a shorter, all-oral BPaLM
regimen for drug-resistant TB.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation: NTEP is a vertical health programme focusing on TB
elimination. It provides free TB diagnosis and treatment in both public and
some private facilities under partnerships. The BPaLM regimen, which consists
of Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, and Moxifloxacin, is introduced for
drug-resistant TB.
2.
With reference to the Ayushman Bharat Scheme, consider the following
statements:
- It has two major components: Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya
Yojana (AB-PMJAY) and Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs).
- AAMs serve as primary care centres that provide
diagnostic and treatment services for TB.
- AB-PMJAY offers insurance coverage for only secondary
and tertiary care.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Ayushman Bharat has two components - AB-PMJAY provides
financial protection for secondary and tertiary care, while AAMs provide
comprehensive primary healthcare, including TB diagnosis and treatment. Both
are part of India’s integrated healthcare strategy.
3.
Which of the following measures have been adopted by India to strengthen the
fight against Tuberculosis?
- Expansion of molecular testing for rapid detection.
- Introduction of the BPaLM regimen for drug-resistant
TB.
- Doubling the nutritional support under the Ni-kshay
Poshan Yojana (NPY).
- Use of Artificial Intelligence for integrated health
screening.
Select the correct answer using the
codes below:
- (a) 1, 2, and 3 only
- (b) 1 and 4 only
- (c) 2, 3, and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation: India has adopted various measures including molecular
testing, the BPaLM regimen, increased financial assistance under the NPY, and
AI-enabled screening for TB alongside other diseases.
4.
Consider the following statements regarding the Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana (NPY):
- It provides direct nutritional support to TB patients.
- The financial assistance under NPY has been doubled to
₹1,000 per month.
- The scheme covers the entire treatment period for TB
patients.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana provides ₹1,000 per month to TB
patients throughout their treatment period, ensuring financial assistance for
nutrition and recovery.
5.
Which of the following best describes ‘Intersectionality’ in the context of TB
care as mentioned in the article?
- (a) It refers to the study of disease patterns and
epidemiology.
- (b) It is the analysis of how multiple factors like
gender, caste, and socio-economic status influence health outcomes.
- (c) It denotes the government’s approach to universal
health insurance.
- (d) It involves using AI and technological integration
in TB diagnosis.
Answer: (b) It is the analysis of how multiple factors like
gender, caste, and socio-economic status influence health outcomes.
Explanation: Intersectionality refers to the overlapping social and
demographic factors affecting an individual's health experience and outcomes.
In the context of TB care, it involves recognizing and addressing inequalities
in healthcare access and outcomes.
1.
Consider the following statements regarding Tuberculosis (TB) management in
India:
- TB treatment in India follows a uniform
"one-size-fits-all" approach across the country.
- Psychosocial support and community-led advocacy are
essential components of TB care.
- Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can play a role
in supporting TB control efforts.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation: TB care in India is moving towards a person-centered
approach rather than a "one-size-fits-all" system. Psychosocial
support and advocacy led by TB survivors are critical for tackling stigma and
ensuring treatment completion. Corporate CSR initiatives can contribute to TB
control under their social responsibility programs.
2.
With reference to the challenges in TB care, consider the following statements:
- TB affects not only physical health but also has social
and economic impacts.
- Stigma and discrimination are often experienced by TB
patients.
- Multisectoral action is necessary to combat TB
effectively.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: TB has multifaceted impacts on individuals, affecting their
health, employment, and social networks. Stigma remains a significant issue,
leading to isolation. Effective TB control requires the involvement of various
sectors, including healthcare, corporate entities, policymakers, and the media.
3.
Which of the following actions are considered essential to ensure comprehensive
TB care in India?
- Training health workers in both clinical and
psychosocial support.
- Strengthening airborne infection control measures.
- Promoting TB-related health insurance schemes.
- Increasing community engagement through TB Champions.
Select the correct answer using the
codes below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2, 3, and 4 only
- (c) 1, 3, and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation: A comprehensive TB care response includes training health
workers, implementing infection control measures, promoting TB insurance
schemes, and mobilizing TB Champions for advocacy and awareness.
4.
Consider the following statements regarding the role of media in TB awareness:
- The media plays a significant role in reducing TB
stigma by promoting awareness.
- Accurate and science-based reporting on TB can
encourage timely diagnosis and treatment.
- Misinformation in media has no impact on TB management.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Media is crucial in dispelling myths and reducing stigma
around TB by providing accurate information. However, misinformation can have a
negative impact, deterring people from seeking treatment and contributing to
social stigma.
5.
In the context of India's National Strategic Plan (NSP) for TB elimination,
which of the following are key components?
- Ensuring uninterrupted drug supply for TB patients.
- Promoting corporate social responsibility (CSR)
initiatives in TB care.
- Developing point-of-care diagnostic tools.
- Establishing community-led feedback mechanisms.
Select the correct answer using the
codes below:
- (a) 1, 2, and 3 only
- (b) 2, 3, and 4 only
- (c) 1, 3, and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation: The NSP for TB elimination includes ensuring access to TB
drugs, encouraging CSR support, advancing diagnostic tools, and establishing
community-driven feedback systems to improve care quality.
1.
Consider the following statements regarding the Right to Information (RTI) Act,
2005:
- The RTI Act allows citizens to seek access to personal
information if it serves a larger public interest.
- The recent amendment under the Digital Personal Data
Protection Act, 2023, prohibits the disclosure of any personal
information, irrespective of public interest.
- The Supreme Court's 2017 judgment on the right to
privacy invalidated the RTI Act’s provisions related to the disclosure of
personal information.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- The RTI Act previously allowed the disclosure of
personal information if it served a larger public interest.
- The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, has now
prohibited the disclosure of any personal information.
- The Supreme Court's judgment upheld the right to
privacy, but it did not invalidate the RTI provisions; rather, it
emphasized a balance between privacy and public interest.
2.
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 has introduced which of the
following changes to the RTI Act, 2005?
- It prohibits the disclosure of personal information
even if public interest is established.
- It empowers public authorities to selectively decide
which personal information can be published.
- It repeals the entire Section 8 of the RTI Act.
Select the correct answer using the
codes below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- The amendment prohibits the disclosure of personal
information, even when justified by public interest.
- Public authorities can now determine which personal
data should be published based on other laws.
- However, the entire Section 8 of the RTI Act has not
been repealed — only the specific provision under Section 8(1)(j) was
affected.
3.
With reference to the Right to Privacy in India, consider the following
statements:
- The right to privacy is a fundamental right under
Article 21 of the Constitution.
- The right to privacy automatically overrides the right
to information in all cases.
- The Puttaswamy judgment of 2017 established the
constitutional validity of the right to privacy.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- The right to privacy is a fundamental right under Article
21 (Protection of Life and Personal Liberty).
- The Supreme Court's Puttaswamy judgment (2017)
affirmed this right.
- However, the right to privacy does not automatically
override the right to information. The courts and authorities apply a balancing
test to assess public interest against privacy concerns.
4.
Which of the following bodies are responsible for implementing and monitoring
the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005?
- State Information Commissions
- Central Information Commission
- National Human Rights Commission
- Public Information Officers (PIOs)
Select the correct answer using the
codes below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 1, 2, and 4 only
- (c) 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (b) 1, 2, and 4 only
Explanation:
- The Central Information Commission (CIC) and State
Information Commissions (SIC) are responsible for monitoring and
enforcing the RTI Act.
- Public Information Officers (PIOs) are appointed within public authorities to provide
information to applicants under the RTI Act.
- The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is
not directly responsible for RTI implementation.
5.
Consider the following statements regarding the concept of “Larger Public
Interest” under the RTI Act:
- The term “Larger Public Interest” is explicitly defined
in the RTI Act, 2005.
- Determining the existence of a larger public interest
involves a case-by-case analysis.
- Information related to corruption or human rights
violations is generally considered in the larger public interest.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
- The term “Larger Public Interest” is not
explicitly defined in the RTI Act, 2005. It is interpreted on a
case-by-case basis by the Information Commissions and courts.
- Corruption
and human rights violations are generally considered matters of
larger public interest and may justify the disclosure of personal
information.
1.
Consider the following statements regarding the impact of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) in the Indian IT Industry:
- The primary impact of AI in the Indian IT sector will
be felt in low-level tasks such as testing and quality assurance.
- AI will completely replace human oversight in software
development.
- The use of AI in software development is expected to
reduce the need for custom in-house applications.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1 and 3 only
Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
- The biggest impact of AI in the Indian IT sector will
be seen in low-level tasks like testing and quality assurance.
- However, AI will not replace human oversight
entirely in software development as human intervention is necessary for
error correction and decision-making.
- The article suggests that AI will lower software
development costs, encouraging more in-house custom applications
rather than off-the-shelf products.
2.
With reference to the concept of ‘Data Daan’, consider the following
statements:
- ‘Data Daan’ is an initiative encouraging voluntary data
sharing for AI model development in India.
- The initiative promotes ethical data sharing as a
response to concerns over AI models violating copyright laws.
- It is a government-sponsored initiative under the
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- ‘Data Daan’ is a voluntary ethical movement that
encourages organisations and public bodies to share datasets to
support AI model development.
- It addresses concerns regarding copyright violations
in AI training.
- However, it is not a government-sponsored initiative.
It is led by the AI4India.org platform.
3.
Consider the following initiatives related to AI and language translation in
India:
- Bhashini
– A language translation platform by the Ministry of Electronics and
Information Technology (MeitY).
- Anuvadini
– An AI-driven translation tool developed by the All India Council for
Technical Education (AICTE).
- AI4Bharat
– An initiative by IIT-Madras for creating AI models and datasets in
Indian languages.
Which of the above initiatives are
correctly matched?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
- Bhashini
is a MeitY initiative focused on breaking language barriers using AI.
- Anuvadini
by AICTE uses AI to translate textbooks for schools and
universities.
- AI4Bharat
from IIT-Madras provides a variety of Indian language datasets and
models for AI applications.
4.
Which of the following is a key societal focus of India’s AI development
efforts?
- (a) Enhancing military applications of AI
- (b) Overcoming language barriers through AI
- (c) Developing autonomous vehicles using AI
- (d) Establishing AI-powered stock market algorithms
Answer: (b) Overcoming language barriers through AI
Explanation:
- India’s AI focus is primarily on overcoming language
barriers through initiatives like Bhashini and Anuvadini,
as highlighted in the article.
- This supports better communication and access to
knowledge across various Indian languages.
5.
With reference to Artificial Intelligence (AI) in India, consider the following
statements:
- AI applications are increasingly used in areas like
healthcare, education, and governance.
- Indian start-ups like Paralaxiom and Innoplexus are
leading AI research and development.
- UIDAI (Unique Identification Authority of India) has
collaborated with Sarvam AI for voice-based AI models.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
- AI is being used to improve services in healthcare,
education, and governance.
- Paralaxiom
(Bengaluru) focuses on vision AI for public spaces, while Innoplexus
(Pune) leads in AI-led drug discovery.
- Sarvam AI,
incubated from IIT-Madras, is collaborating with UIDAI to provide
AI-powered voice solutions.
1.
With reference to Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), consider the
following statements:
- ASHAs are community health workers instituted by the Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare under the National Health Mission (NHM).
- Their primary role is to provide curative health care
services in hospitals.
- ASHAs are entitled to a fixed monthly salary along with
additional performance-based incentives.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: ASHAs are community health workers under the National
Health Mission (NHM), providing basic healthcare services at the
grassroots level.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: Their role is not to provide curative services in
hospitals but to act as a liaison between the community and the
healthcare system, facilitating access to maternal care, immunization,
and disease prevention.
- Statement 3 is correct: ASHAs receive performance-based incentives
rather than a fixed monthly salary. However, some states provide a nominal
fixed payment along with the incentives.
2.
Consider the following demands made by ASHA workers during their protest:
- Fixed monthly remuneration
- Retirement benefits
- Paid maternity leave
Which of the above demands are
generally highlighted by ASHA workers in their protests?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
- ASHA workers often demand fixed monthly salaries
instead of solely performance-based incentives.
- Retirement benefits
like pensions are another major demand since they are not formally
recognized as government employees.
- Paid maternity leave
is also a critical demand, as many ASHA workers are women who lack
essential social security protections.
3.
With reference to ASHA workers, which of the following statements is/are
correct?
- ASHA workers are present in both urban and rural areas
across India.
- They are key stakeholders in the implementation of
maternal and child health programs.
- ASHA workers are directly employed as government
employees.
Select the correct answer using the
code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: ASHA workers operate in both urban and rural
areas, although their presence is more prominent in rural regions.
- Statement 2 is correct: They are essential in implementing programs related
to maternal and child health, immunization, and disease
surveillance.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: ASHAs are not considered government employees.
They are classified as volunteers who receive incentives
rather than fixed wages.
4.
Which of the following programs involves Accredited Social Health Activists
(ASHAs) as key implementers?
- Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
- Ayushman Bharat Scheme
- Poshan Abhiyaan
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP)
Select the correct answer using the
code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1, 3, and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (c) 1, 3, and 4 only
Explanation:
- Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY): ASHAs play a critical role in encouraging
institutional deliveries and providing maternal care services.
- Ayushman Bharat Scheme: While it focuses on secondary and tertiary
healthcare, ASHAs are not directly involved.
- Poshan Abhiyaan:
ASHAs assist in nutrition awareness, growth monitoring, and anemia
management.
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP): ASHAs contribute to TB detection, treatment
adherence, and awareness generation.
5.
The Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in India are primarily
responsible for which of the following functions?
- Promoting institutional deliveries
- Ensuring immunization of children
- Providing financial assistance to patients undergoing
surgeries
- Spreading awareness about sanitation and hygiene
Select the correct answer using the
code given below:
- (a) 1, 2, and 4 only
- (b) 1, 3, and 4 only
- (c) 2, 3, and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (a) 1, 2, and 4 only
Explanation:
- ASHAs
are community health workers who facilitate institutional deliveries,
ensure full immunization of children, and create awareness about sanitation
and hygiene.
- However, they are not responsible for providing
financial assistance for surgeries, which is typically managed through
schemes like Ayushman Bharat.
1.
With reference to the role of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and TB
Champions, consider the following statements:
- Both ASHAs and TB Champions work as community health
volunteers providing support to patients.
- TB Champions are exclusively appointed by the
government to ensure TB treatment compliance.
- ASHAs play a key role in identifying suspected TB cases
at the community level.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Both ASHAs and TB Champions act as community health
workers. While ASHAs are formally part of the healthcare system under the National
Health Mission (NHM), TB Champions are typically TB survivors
who voluntarily provide support.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: TB Champions are not government-appointed.
They are often volunteers from networks of TB survivors, providing psychosocial
support and promoting awareness.
- Statement 3 is correct: ASHAs are actively involved in the early detection
of TB cases through community-level surveillance and supporting
treatment adherence.
2.
Which of the following are key functions performed by TB Champions in India?
- Providing psychosocial support to TB patients
- Ensuring accurate diagnosis using CBNAAT or smear
microscopy
- Conducting community awareness campaigns to reduce
stigma
- Offering financial incentives to TB patients
Select the correct answer using the
code given below:
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 1, 2, and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 3, and 4 only
Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- TB Champions
offer psychosocial support to TB patients, helping them adhere to
treatment and cope with stigma.
- They often conduct awareness campaigns to reduce
societal stigma and create a more supportive environment.
- They do not perform diagnostic tests like CBNAAT
or smear microscopy — these are done in healthcare facilities.
- They also do not provide financial incentives
directly. Financial support, like the Nikshay Poshan Yojana, is
handled by government schemes.
3.
Consider the following statements regarding the Nikshay Poshan Yojana:
- It provides financial assistance to TB patients for
their nutritional needs.
- The scheme is applicable only to patients with
drug-resistant TB.
- The assistance is directly transferred to the
beneficiary’s bank account.
Which of the statements given above
are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 2 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Nikshay Poshan Yojana provides financial
assistance for nutritional support to all TB patients, not just
drug-resistant cases.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The scheme is not limited to drug-resistant TB;
it covers all categories of TB patients.
- Statement 3 is correct: Under the scheme, the funds are directly
transferred to the patient’s bank account via Direct Benefit
Transfer (DBT).
4.
With reference to TB diagnosis in India, which of the following diagnostic
methods are commonly used?
- Smear Microscopy
- CBNAAT (Cartridge-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification
Test)
- Truenat Test
- MRI Scan
Select the correct answer using the
code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 1, 2, and 3 only
- (c) 3 and 4 only
- (d) 2 and 4 only
Answer: (b) 1, 2, and 3 only
Explanation:
- Smear Microscopy
is a traditional and cost-effective method for detecting TB through sputum
examination.
- CBNAAT
and Truenat are advanced molecular diagnostic tools that detect TB
bacteria and identify drug resistance quickly.
- MRI Scan
is not used for TB diagnosis; it is primarily used for imaging in
other medical conditions.
5.
In the context of TB eradication, consider the following initiatives in India:
- National Strategic Plan for Tuberculosis Elimination
- TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan
- Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP)
- Ayushman Bharat Yojana
Which of the above are directly
related to TB control and management?
- (a) 1, 2, and 3 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (a) 1, 2, and 3 only
Explanation:
- The National Strategic Plan for TB Elimination
aims to eliminate TB in India by 2025.
- TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan is a community-driven initiative to ensure early
detection and treatment with the support of TB Champions.
- The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program
(RNTCP) was renamed as the National Tuberculosis Elimination
Program (NTEP) in 2020, with an emphasis on universal access to TB
care.
- While Ayushman Bharat Yojana provides healthcare
coverage, it is not exclusively focused on TB.
1.
With reference to the censorship of books during British rule in India,
consider the following statements:
- The Sea Customs Act was used by the British
administration to prohibit the entry of certain books into India.
- M.N. Roy’s book was banned due to its criticism of the
British Administration.
- Lala Lajpat Rai’s book “England’s Debt to India” was
banned for promoting revolutionary activities.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 2 and 3 only
Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Sea Customs Act was frequently used by the
British to censor and prohibit the entry of books and other
publications that were considered seditious or anti-British.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: M.N. Roy’s book was banned not solely due to its
criticism of British rule, but because he and his wife were accused
of participating in a foreign conspiracy to overthrow the British government
in India.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: Lala Lajpat Rai’s book was banned for its alleged
false and malicious misrepresentations of the British administration, not
for promoting revolutionary activities.
2.
Consider the following personalities and their works:
- Hyndman - “The Awakening of Asia”
- Bryan - “British Rule in India”
- M.N. Roy - “Evolution of Economic Organisation of
India”
- Lala Lajpat Rai - “England’s Debt to India”
Which of the above works were banned
by the British government under the Sea Customs Act?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 and 4 only
- (c) 1, 2, and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation:
- All four works were banned under the Sea Customs Act.
- Hyndman’s
book and Bryan’s book were prohibited for their critical views on
British rule.
- Lala Lajpat Rai’s
work was banned for highlighting economic exploitation under
British rule.
- M.N. Roy’s
book was banned due to his alleged involvement in a foreign conspiracy
to overthrow the British government.
3.
With reference to the Sea Customs Act used during British rule, which of the
following statements is correct?
- (a) It was originally enacted to prevent the smuggling
of goods into India.
- (b) It was primarily used as a tool for censoring
nationalist and revolutionary literature.
- (c) It was enacted as part of the Government of India
Act, 1935.
- (d) It provided for the arrest of authors and
publishers without trial.
Answer: (b) It was primarily used as a tool for censoring
nationalist and revolutionary literature.
Explanation:
- The Sea Customs Act was initially meant for
regulating trade and preventing smuggling.
- However, it was often used as a tool of political
censorship by the British administration to prohibit the import of
nationalist and revolutionary publications that criticized colonial
rule.
- It did not directly provide for the arrest of
authors without trial, though those involved in sedition could be
arrested under separate laws like the Sedition Act.
4.
During British rule in India, which of the following individuals was accused of
involvement in a foreign conspiracy to overthrow British rule?
- (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- (b) M.N. Roy
- (c) Bipin Chandra Pal
- (d) Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer: (b) M.N. Roy
Explanation:
- M.N. Roy
was accused of involvement in a foreign conspiracy to overthrow
British rule in India.
- His revolutionary activities abroad and communist
affiliations made him a target of British authorities.
- As a result, his works, including “Evolution of
Economic Organisation of India”, were banned under the Sea Customs
Act.
1.
With reference to the Kurdish people, consider the following statements:
- The Kurdish people are predominantly Sunni Muslims, but
there are Shia Kurds and Alevi tribes among them.
- The Treaty of Sevres in 1920 proposed a scheme for the
establishment of an independent Kurdish state.
- The Kurdish identity and nationalist movement emerged
after the fall of the Ottoman Empire.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Kurds are predominantly Sunni Muslims, but
there are Shia Kurds and Alevi tribes.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Treaty of Sevres (1920) proposed a scheme
for a Kurdish state, though it was never implemented.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: Kurdish identity and nationalist aspirations existed before
the fall of the Ottoman Empire and were further solidified by the
denial of statehood post-World War I.
2.
Consider the following pairs of Kurdish organizations and their regions of
operation:
|
Organization |
Region
of Operation |
|
Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) |
Turkiye |
|
Democratic Union Party (PYD) |
Syria |
|
Free Life Party of Kurdistan
(PJAK) |
Iran |
|
Kurdistan Democratic Solution
Party (PCDK) |
Iraq |
Which of the pairs given above
is/are correctly matched?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 and 4 only
- (c) 1, 2, and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation:
- The PKK operates in Turkiye and is
designated as a terrorist organization by Turkiye, the U.S., and the EU.
- The PYD operates in Syria and is
affiliated with the PKK.
- The PJAK is active in Iran, pursuing
Kurdish rights and autonomy.
- The PCDK operates in Iraq and promotes
Kurdish nationalist objectives.
3.
With reference to the Kurdish question, which of the following countries has
officially recognized a semi-autonomous Kurdish region?
- (a) Iran
- (b) Iraq
- (c) Syria
- (d) Armenia
Answer: (b) Iraq
Explanation:
- Iraq
recognized the Kurdistan Region as a semi-autonomous region
under its federal system after the adoption of its new Constitution in
2005.
- Other Kurdish regions in Iran, Syria, and
Turkiye lack formal recognition of autonomy.
4.
The Treaty of Sevres (1920) is significant in the context of Kurdish history
because:
- (a) It mandated the establishment of an independent
Kurdish state.
- (b) It provided for local autonomy for predominantly
Kurdish areas.
- (c) It resulted in the unification of Kurdish tribes
under one political authority.
- (d) It enabled Kurds to gain military assistance from
European powers.
Answer: (b) It provided for local autonomy for predominantly
Kurdish areas.
Explanation:
- The Treaty of Sevres proposed a scheme of local
autonomy for Kurdish areas east of the Euphrates.
- However, it was never implemented, and Kurdish
aspirations for statehood remained unfulfilled.
5.
The Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) primarily operates in:
- (a) Iraq
- (b) Syria
- (c) Turkiye
- (d) Iran
Answer: (c) Turkiye
Explanation:
- The PKK (Partiya Karkari Kurdistan) is primarily
active in Turkiye.
- It has waged an armed insurgency since the 1980s
for Kurdish autonomy and rights.
- The PKK is designated as a terrorist organization
by Turkiye, the U.S., and the European Union.
