✅ Q1.
Under which Article of the Indian Constitution can a High Court judge be removed?
भारतीय संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के तहत उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश को हटाया जा सकता है?
A. Article 121 / अनुच्छेद 121
B. Article 124(4) / अनुच्छेद 124(4) ✅
C. Article 142 / अनुच्छेद 142
D. Article 32 / अनुच्छेद 32
📝 Explanation:
A judge of the Supreme Court or High Court can be removed under Article 124(4) by Parliament on grounds of proven misbehaviour or incapacity.
✅ Q2.
Which of the following procedures governs the removal of judges in India?
भारत में न्यायाधीशों को हटाने की प्रक्रिया किसके तहत संचालित होती है?
A. Code of Criminal Procedure
B. Judges Inquiry Act, 1968 ✅
C. Civil Services Conduct Rules
D. Supreme Court (Procedure) Rules
📝 Explanation:
Removal of judges is governed by Judges Inquiry Act, 1968 as mandated by Article 124(5).
✅ Q3.
The in-house inquiry mechanism for judges is:
न्यायाधीशों के लिए इन-हाउस जांच प्रणाली होती है:
A. A constitutional process / एक संवैधानिक प्रक्रिया
B. A statutory provision / एक वैधानिक प्रावधान
C. A moral and administrative internal procedure ✅ / एक नैतिक और प्रशासनिक आंतरिक प्रक्रिया
D. Mandated by Parliament / संसद द्वारा अनिवार्य
📝 Explanation:
It is non-statutory and created by the Supreme Court for internal discipline and accountability.
✅ Q4.
Article 121 of the Constitution bars:
संविधान का अनुच्छेद 121 किस पर रोक लगाता है?
A. Presidential intervention in court matters
B. Judicial review on legislative bills
C. Parliamentary discussion on conduct of sitting judges ✅
D. Media reporting on judges’ retirement
📝 Explanation:
Article 121 prohibits Parliament from discussing a judge's conduct except through proper removal motion.
✅ Q5.
Leaking sensitive visual/audio data of an in-house inquiry against a judge violates which of the following principles?
किसी न्यायाधीश के खिलाफ इन-हाउस जांच की गोपनीय जानकारियों को लीक करना किस सिद्धांत का उल्लंघन है?
A. Rule of Law / विधि का शासन
B. Natural Justice / प्राकृतिक न्याय
C. Judicial Privilege and Confidentiality ✅ / न्यायिक विशेषाधिकार और गोपनीयता
D. Federalism / संघवाद
📝 Explanation:
In-house proceedings are confidential, and their public release undermines the judicial system's integrity.
✅ Q6.
The Supreme Court asked why Justice Yashwant Varma submitted to the inquiry if he believed it to be:
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने पूछा कि यदि न्यायमूर्ति यशवंत वर्मा को जांच प्रक्रिया __________ लगती थी तो उन्होंने इसमें भाग क्यों लिया?
A. Morally weak / नैतिक रूप से कमजोर
B. Constitutionally invalid ✅ / संवैधानिक रूप से अमान्य
C. Politically influenced
D. Deliberately delayed
📝 Explanation:
The Bench questioned the delayed challenge to the process after voluntary submission.
✅ Q7.
According to Kapil Sibal, sending the in-house inquiry report to the President and PM was:
कपिल सिब्बल के अनुसार, इन-हाउस रिपोर्ट को राष्ट्रपति और प्रधानमंत्री को भेजना था:
A. Necessary under Article 50
B. A political overreach and illegal ✅
C. Procedurally valid
D. Advised under Article 143
📝 Explanation:
Sibal argued it violated the separation of powers and due process under Article 124(4).
✅ Q8.
Which of the following is NOT a valid ground for removal of a judge?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन न्यायाधीश को हटाने का वैध आधार नहीं है?
A. Proven misconduct / सिद्ध दुर्व्यवहार
B. Physical incapacity / शारीरिक अक्षमता
C. Unpopularity in media / मीडिया में अलोकप्रियता ✅
D. Proven corruption
📝 Explanation:
Public perception or media opinion alone is not constitutionally sufficient for removal.
✅ Q9.
"Judicial independence" in the context of this case is threatened primarily due to:
इस मामले में "न्यायिक स्वतंत्रता" को मुख्य रूप से किस कारण से खतरा है?
A. Appointment of retired judges
B. Media trial and leaks of inquiry reports ✅
C. PIL misuse
D. Lack of court infrastructure
📝 Explanation:
Media leaks and naming judges before proof can undermine judicial credibility and independence.
✅ Q10.
Which Article of the Constitution obligates the Executive to act in aid of the Supreme Court?
भारतीय संविधान का कौन-सा अनुच्छेद कार्यपालिका को सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सहायता करने के लिए बाध्य करता है?
A. Article 360
B. Article 141
C. Article 144 ✅
D. Article 126
📝 Explanation:
Article 144: “All authorities, civil and judicial, shall act in aid of the Supreme Court.”
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