1. What does "digital sovereignty" primarily refer to?
"डिजिटल संप्रभुता" मुख्य रूप से किससे संबंधित है?
A. Control over internet pricing
B. Control over foreign trade
C. Control over data, infrastructure, and digital regulation
D. Control over telecom exports
✅ Answer: C
🧠 Explanation: Digital sovereignty means a country’s control over its digital resources — including data governance, storage, and regulation of online platforms.
2. Which of the following Indian laws focuses on personal data protection?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भारतीय कानून व्यक्तिगत डेटा सुरक्षा पर केंद्रित है?
A. Information Technology Act, 2000
B. Digital India Mission
C. Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
D. Cybercrime Control Act
✅ Answer: C
🧠 Explanation: The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is India's latest comprehensive legislation on data privacy and citizen rights.
3. The term "data localization" implies—
"डेटा स्थानीयकरण" का तात्पर्य है—
A. Storing data only in cloud services
B. Keeping data within national borders
C. Deleting foreign data regularly
D. Sending data to other countries
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Explanation: Data localization means storing and processing data within the country of origin, often to enhance privacy, security, and regulatory control.
4. India’s central bank RBI mandates data localization for which sector?
भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक (RBI) किस क्षेत्र के लिए डेटा स्थानीयकरण अनिवार्य करता है?
A. E-commerce
B. Banking and finance
C. Social media
D. Online education
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Explanation: RBI requires all payment system operators to store customer data only in India for financial security and audit.
5. What concern does globalization raise in the digital context?
डिजिटल संदर्भ में वैश्वीकरण से किस प्रकार की चिंता उत्पन्न होती है?
A. Increased rural internet access
B. Loss of control over citizen data
C. Enhanced government surveillance
D. Reduction in smartphone use
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Explanation: Global digital trade may involve cross-border data flows, risking a country’s control over sensitive data and user privacy.
6. The India–UK CETA digital chapter exempts what from being shared?
भारत–यूके CETA के डिजिटल अध्याय में किसके साझा करने से छूट दी गई है?
A. Cybersecurity audits
B. Source code of software
C. Financial records
D. Public IP addresses
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Explanation: The CETA agreement protects proprietary software by not forcing disclosure of source code — a relief to tech firms.
7. Which government initiative promotes digital innovation with public good?
कौन-सी सरकारी पहल डिजिटल नवाचार को सार्वजनिक हित के रूप में बढ़ावा देती है?
A. BharatNet
B. Make in India
C. Digital Public Infrastructure (like UPI, Aadhaar)
D. One Nation One Ration Card
✅ Answer: C
🧠 Explanation: India's DPI (Digital Public Infrastructure) includes platforms like Aadhaar, UPI, CoWIN, which are scalable, inclusive, and sovereign.
8. What is a key difference between India’s and EU’s digital policy?
भारत और यूरोपीय संघ की डिजिटल नीति में मुख्य अंतर क्या है?
A. India uses more AI than EU
B. India favors data colonialism
C. India doesn’t follow GDPR-like model fully
D. EU opposes digital inclusion
✅ Answer: C
🧠 Explanation: India’s data laws are evolving and differ from the EU’s GDPR, especially in terms of consent, localization, and enforcement.
9. Why is source code disclosure controversial in digital trade?
डिजिटल व्यापार में स्रोत कोड प्रकटीकरण विवादास्पद क्यों है?
A. It’s written in old languages
B. It increases tech jobs
C. It may expose trade secrets or security flaws
D. It promotes open-source culture
✅ Answer: C
🧠 Explanation: Sharing source code can risk reverse engineering, cybersecurity threats, and loss of competitive advantage.
10. Which of the following best represents India’s current digital policy stance?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा विकल्प भारत की वर्तमान डिजिटल नीति की सर्वोत्तम व्याख्या करता है?
A. Fully open global digital trade
B. Complete digital isolation
C. Balanced openness with strategic autonomy
D. Dependent on Western tech policy
✅ Answer: C
🧠 Explanation: India promotes open digital trade on its own terms, balancing foreign cooperation with data control and privacy laws.
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