MCQs for UPSC 2026 – Constitutional Morality, Fraternity & Free Speech

 MCQs for UPSC 2026  – Constitutional Morality, Fraternity & Free Speech

Q1. The term “Fraternity” in the Preamble to the Indian Constitution primarily aims to ensure:

1. Equality of opportunity

2. Unity and integrity of the Nation

3. Separation of powers

4. Rule of Law

Correct Answer: 2

Explanation: Fraternity promotes brotherhood, ensuring the dignity of the individual and the unity & integrity of the Nation.

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Q2. Which of the following Articles collectively form the constitutional guarantee against arbitrary state action?

1. Article 14

2. Article 19

3. Article 21

4. Article 32

Select the correct answer using the code below:

A. 1 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

• Article 14 → Equality, non-arbitrariness

• Article 21 → Due process (expanded interpretation)

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Q3. Freedom of speech under Article 19(1)(a) can be reasonably restricted on what grounds?

1. Public order

2. Decency or morality

3. Administrative convenience

4. Sovereignty and integrity of India

A. 1, 2, and 4 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Administrative convenience is not a ground under Article 19(2).

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Q4. The doctrine of constitutional morality implies:

A. Blind adherence to the parliamentary majority
B. Following only written provisions
C. Respecting constitutional values and democratic ethos
D. Judicial supremacy over the legislature

Correct Answer: C

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Q5. Which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned in the Constitution?

A. Equality before Law
B. Freedom of Speech
C. Constitutional Morality
D. Fundamental Duties

Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Constitutional morality is a judicial doctrine, not a textual provision.

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Q6. Consider the following statements regarding Fundamental Duties:

1. They are enforceable by courts.

2. They apply only to citizens.

3. They were added by the 42nd Amendment.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Duties are non-justiciable but apply to citizens.

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Q7. The concept of “Chilling Effect” is most closely associated with:

A. Separation of powers
B. Freedom of Speech
C. Judicial review
D. Preventive detention

Correct Answer: B

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Q8. Why may speech by constitutional functionaries be subject to higher scrutiny?

1. Their speech influences administrative actions

2. They are exempt from Fundamental Rights

3. Their words carry the authority of the State

A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: C

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Q9. Which of the following best reflects the balance between free speech and constitutional values?

A. Prior censorship of political speeches
B. Absolute immunity for elected officials
C. Reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2)
D. Ban on all controversial speech

Correct Answer: C

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Q10. Which of the following Fundamental Duties directly relates to fraternity?

A. 51A(a) – Respect Constitution
B. 51A(e) – Promote harmony
C. 51A(g) – Protect environment
D. 51A(j) – Excellence

Correct Answer: B

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Q11. Which constitutional principle prevents the State from treating equals unequally?

A. Rule of Law
B. Article 14
C. Natural Justice
D. Directive Principles

Correct Answer: B

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Q12. The Supreme Court’s emphasis on fraternity most directly strengthens:

A. Executive privilege
B. Social cohesion in democracy
C. Federal supremacy
D. Judicial activism

Correct Answer: B

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Q13. Which of the following is a valid observation?

A. Freedom of speech applies only to citizens
B. Fundamental Duties override Fundamental Rights
C. Constitutional morality limits majoritarian excesses
D. Article 19 has no restrictions

Correct Answer: C

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Q14. Consider the following pairs:

Concept	Associated With
Equality before Law	Article 14
Restrictions on Speech	Article 19(2)
Fraternity	Preamble

Which of the pairs are correctly matched?

A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: D

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Q15. Which of the following may undermine constitutional ethos?

1. Communally divisive public speech

2. Arbitrary governance

3. Promotion of harmony

A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: B