Prelims Practice MCQs for Coming UPSC 2026 (Food Safety + Health)

 

Prelims Practice MCQs for Coming UPSC 2026 (Food Safety + Health)

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1️⃣ Which body is the apex authority for regulating food safety standards in India?

a) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

b) Food Corporation of India

c) Food Safety and Standards Authority of India

d) Bureau of Indian Standards

✅ Answer: c) Food Safety and Standards Authority of India

📘 Explanation:

FSSAI is the statutory body established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 to set science-based food standards and regulate food safety.

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2️⃣ Which of the following Acts consolidated various food-related laws in India?

a) Essential Commodities Act, 1955

b) Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954

c) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006

d) Consumer Protection Act, 2019

✅ Answer: c) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006

📘 Explanation:

The FSS Act subsumed multiple laws including PFA Act, Fruit Products Order, Meat Food Products Order, etc.

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3️⃣ Which of the following substances is commonly used as a harmful adulterant in milk to falsely raise SNF content?

a) Glucose

b) Urea

c) Sodium chloride

d) Citric acid

✅ Answer: b) Urea

📘 Explanation:

Urea artificially increases Solid-Not-Fat (SNF) values but may lead to kidney stress and toxicity.

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4️⃣ Anuria refers to:

a) Excessive urination

b) Painful urination

c) Absence of urine output

d) Blood in urine

✅ Answer: c) Absence of urine output

📘 Explanation:

Anuria = < ~100 mL urine/day → often indicates severe kidney dysfunction or obstruction.

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5️⃣ Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is best described as:

a) Chronic decline in kidney filtration

b) Sudden loss of kidney function

c) Infection of kidney tissue

d) Congenital kidney abnormality

✅ Answer: b) Sudden loss of kidney function

📘 Explanation:

AKI involves rapid decline in renal filtration → waste accumulation, electrolyte imbalance.

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6️⃣ Which population groups are generally more vulnerable to toxin-induced kidney failure?

a) Adolescents and athletes

b) Middle-aged adults

c) Elderly and young children

d) Only pregnant women

✅ Answer: c) Elderly and young children

📘 Explanation:

Lower physiological reserves and reduced detox capacity increase vulnerability.

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7️⃣ Which of the following symptoms is MOST directly associated with anuria?

a) Severe cough

b) Complete absence of urine

c) Excess thirst

d) Increased sweating

✅ Answer: b) Complete absence of urine

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8️⃣ Which of the following may indicate Acute Renal Failure?

1. Elevated creatinine

2. Reduced urine output

3. Electrolyte imbalance

4. Improved filtration rate

a) 1, 2, 3 only

b) 2 and 4 only

c) 1 and 4 only

d) 1, 2, 3, 4

✅ Answer: a) 1, 2, 3 only

📘 Explanation:

AKI → ↑ creatinine, ↓ urine, electrolyte disturbances. Filtration rate declines.

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9️⃣ Food Safety Officers are appointed under which law?

a) IPC

b) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006

c) Consumer Protection Act

d) Environment Protection Act

✅ Answer: b) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006

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🔟 Which of the following adulterants can cause kidney damage if ingested chronically?

a) Starch

b) Detergent

c) Urea

d) All of the above

✅ Answer: d) All of the above

📘 Explanation:

Even seemingly mild adulterants may produce long-term metabolic and organ damage.